Safety Regulations for Tin Melting Furnace Process Operation

In tin alloy smelting, raw materials such as tin ingots, lead ingots, copper, silver, antimony, bismuth and other metals are all high-density metals. Careful operation must be conducted during handling and charging into the furnace to prevent overturning and crushing injuries, which may cause fractures and other damages.

1. Handling and stacking must be firm; transportation shall be stable to prevent stack collapse and injury to personnel.

2. When charging cold materials into an empty cold furnace, place them gently to avoid damaging the furnace bottom, which may lead to leakage of high-temperature tin alloy melt and scald operators.

3. If there is already high-temperature molten metal in the furnace, any cold metal materials to be added must be dried thoroughly. Never add damp materials, as this may cause the high-temperature molten metal to explode and injure people.

4. For casting products such as tin electrode anodes and tin alloy ingots, strictly inspect the dryness of all molds before casting starts to prevent explosions caused by high-temperature molten metal and avoid personal injury.

5. When smelting tin master alloys, the temperature of the alloy melt can exceed 1000℃. All molds and tools used must be dried before operation; risky operation is prohibited.

6. For tin solder enterprises, when smelting waste tin wire containing flux, open flame combustion of flux is strictly prohibited to avoid environmental pollution and fire hazards. Under the supervision of the security department, cold technology smelting shall be adopted: at low temperature parameters, the flux floats on the molten tin, absorbs it with wood chips, fishes it out, places it in an iron bucket to cool and solidify, and disposes of it without open flame. Eliminate fire and environmental risks.

7. Tin solder enterprises may inevitably have tin alloy furnace cleaning materials, most of which have high copper content. Sulfur copper removal smelting is prohibited. This method is not feasible, has poor effect, causes environmental pollution, endangers personal health, and disturbs neighboring residents.

8. When adding high-melting-point metals such as copper, silver, nickel, titanium, germanium to lead-free solders, the optimal smelting furnace is an intermediate frequency induction furnace. Power and water supply must not be interrupted during smelting, otherwise serious accidents may occur. In addition to preventing the accidents specified in Articles 3 and 4, operations must be performed by two persons to handle emergencies such as power or water cutoffs; single-person operation is prohibited.

9. If a coal-fired crucible furnace is used as an intermediate high-temperature tin melting furnace, it must be operated by two persons. Materials shall be charged more gently, as crucibles are brittle and prone to cracking, causing molten metal to spill and scald people.

10. When preparing master alloys containing rare earth metals, chemical covering agents, anti-adhesive agents, and reduction heat treatment are required. Production can only be carried out under the on-site command and supervision of engineering and technical personnel to prevent safety accidents.

11. When smelting precious metals such as gold, silver, palladium, four parties must be present on-site: warehouse personnel, quality assurance personnel, security personnel, and production supervisors. Operation can only be performed under on-site supervision.

12. Smelting operators must wear protective clothing, safety helmets, safety shoes, and safety goggles. Violation of operating rules is prohibited.

13. During high-temperature seasons, since the smelting department is a high-temperature operation area, the enterprise shall provide salt soda water and other drinks to prevent operators from heatstroke and other health accidents.

14. Unauthorized personnel are prohibited from entering the smelting workshop to avoid scalding, crushing, and other personal accidents.

15. In case of emergencies in the smelting workshop, immediately cut off the power supply and oil supply of the smelting furnace, and report to the relevant leading departments promptly for proper handling.